Forests are considered as one of the 5 natural resources on earth. There is more to forests than a large group of trees. It is a big complex ecosystem made up of multiple variety of trees and plants and these have different life forms.
Apart from greenery in the forests there are different types of soils, water bodies flowing through them and different atmospheric situations in between them. Forests are natural wonder which humans took for granted.
It is very sad that forests are diminishing at a greater rate due to many reasons, one of the major reason is population which is growing like a virus. The population is consuming forests as these are basic resources for every need of human beings.
For example for house building land is required, which we get by clearing the trees and for furniture also we need tree wood. So here I gave some basic examples in which trees are the very basic necessity.
The places on the globe where big cities are not civilized are safe from human. But the places where today we see the big cities, at some time those were the dense and rarest forests on earth. The globalization problem is one of these devil like problems.
The impact of reduction in jungles is directly on the atmospheric balance of different gases, Co2 is in majority of increasing gases. Which is death to every living thing except trees.
A study tells that two third of total forests is distributed among 10 countries. Amazon rain forest if one of the largest.
Now here I’ll explain various methods to protect these jungles (forests) as follows-
National parks
According to results national parks are the places which are preserved of human invasion because UN defined these fields valuable nature rich and for bided for humans. So if parks and reserves like these are in more no then there is no better way to protect forests.
Regulated and planned utilization of forests
One of the main reasons of deforestation is marketable chopping off trees. According to an estimate, about 1,600 million cubic meters of wood have been used for various purposes in the world. Although trees are considered as constant resource, when misused on a very large scale, their restoration cannot be possible.
Therefore cutting should be regulated by adopting one of these methods:-
- Some area over a large geographical area is used for cutting and the whole area is rich in similar type of trees and the tree groups which are of same age cut down and over them replantation is done, this method is called clear cutting.
- Only mature trees are being selected for cutting and a rotation system is followed, this is called selective cutting.
- Method according to which all useless trees has to be cut down first the followed by medium and best quality log trees, is called shelter wood cutting.
Time gap between these cuttings is very helpful for trees. Generally in regulated cutting only one tenth of forest land is selected for use and then rotation system is followed over it.
The forest can be managed such a way that timber crop may be harvested many times year after year without being exhausted.
Controlling the jungle fire
Damage or loss of forest by fire is fairly common. Because trees are highly unprotected to fire and once started it becomes hard to control. Sometimes, the fire starts by natural causes, like by lightning or by rubbing between trees during high speed winds, while in most cases it is started by man either purposely or unintentionally.
All over the world, forest fire is common and in most cases these were started by human.
In order to save jungles from fire it is necessary to take on latest methods of firefighting. Some of the fire dominance techniques are to develop three meter wide five lanes around the sidelines of the fire, back fires, planning of water spray, fire repellent chemicals should be spurted from back tank and if possible by helicopters.
Reforestation and Afforestation
The constant harvest concept orders that whenever wood is removed, either by slab cutting or by selective cutting, the uncovered area must be reforested.
This may be done by natural or artificial methods. Similarly, any woodland land which has been ruined by fire or mining activities should be reforested. In rocky terrain aerial seeding is the method of choice.
Protection of Forest
The present jungle has to be protected against all odds. Apart from cutting, unorganized grazing is also one the reasons. Some forest diseases like fungi, rust also cause destruction. So has to be protected either by chemical spray or antibiotics.
And final solution is that we properly utilize the forest products instead of wasting the natural resources.
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