Our earth is having two third amounts of water bodies and one third of land area. Apart from two third amounts of water we have 96.5% of water in oceans and seas and 1.7% of water in ponds, lake, rivers, canals and 1.7% is in the form of ice caps and glaciers and .001% is present in the air as clouds and vapor and precipitation respectively. Among this huge amount of water we have just .3% of water as freshwater.
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Rain water
Water moves continually through the water cycle in the form of evaporation and transpiration after that condensation, precipitation and runoff such that rain shower occurs. The rain water either goes to the sea, lakes, rivers, ponds or in the ground water.
Rain is in liquid state of water which is in the form of small droplets; these are condensed from water vapors in atmosphere. Water cycle consist rain as its main component and it is responsible for depositing as a source of fresh water on the Earth. It is the reason for suitable conditions to run ecosystems.
Rain water Conservation
What is the importance of conservation of water? Since our biological system is dependent on water in many ways. We need the rain so that we can get the fresh water. Either we are living near the seas or oceans which are having ample amount of water, still both are unfit for drinking.
According to the Geological Survey, rain seeps into the deep level of ground which is called as infiltration. About 30% of the rain water seeps beneath the top layers of soil where it gets filled in the spaces between rocks.
Thus it becomes ground water, which is also called water table. Rain water is required for the replenishment of water table.
Process of Rain Water
All over the earth clouds move from one place to another in troposphere of atmosphere. They carry particles of moisture and water vapors. Whenever these water droplets make contact with large size particles like dust or smoke then they wrap themselves around the particle and become heavier and their size gets larger.
This results in the continuous collision between droplets which combine and becomes heavier. When the weight of droplets increases it causes them to fall faster than the upwards draft current in the air, thus it becomes precipitation and falls on surface of Earth.
The Geological Survey reports that millions of droplets combine in order to form one drop of rain water.
Use of Rain water
Clean water helps to grow plants, in raising the animals, and for human body requirements to keep hydrated at all time.
We use the water in many ways as:
- For cultivation
- For drinking
- Bathing
- Washing
- Construction
- River rafting
- Hydro electricity
Rainfall helps to fill ponds, lakes, rivers. It carries the fresh water which is the only potential for life. In India, many rivers flow throughout the country but river Ganges is the most important as it covers different states and servers as holy water for all.
It originates from glacier Gangotri which are made due to the continuous rainfall over it. As glaciers melt they become the source of fresh water in rivers. It is a holy water still it accepts more than 3 million ton waste every year.
We are consuming water continuously and blindly and destroying our water sources. Rate of using water is so much high that earth is unable to replenish the water at same rate.
The solution is in our own hands to control the usability of water, we have to change our methods of utilizing the water. As if we use water sources at this rate then it will be difficult for our next generation to survive.
Agriculture
Earlier days farmers were dependent on rain showers for agriculture but nowadays farmers use the river or lakes for their water requirements. This has increased pressure on rivers as well as on water table that helps to support our ecosystem.
Due to increasing pollution in atmosphere, rain water is not fresh now and it is not suitable for direct drinking. Moreover rain amount has been decreased comparing the older time, which made the farmer life more miserable. It sometimes happen that rain showers at inappropriate time which destroy the standing and ready crops.
Increase rain water
There is only one natural method to increase the rain water is to grow more and more trees because it will help to reduce the pollution and poisonous gases in the atmosphere which helps to increase the clouds density and hence more rainfall.
Rain water can be used as a renewable resource that helps to meet our food production needs if and only if we manage it properly. But before that we must understand that nothing on earth exists by itself.
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